バートランド・ラッセル『怠惰への讃歌』第12章「教育と訓練」冒頭
* 出典:バートランド・ラッセル(著),堀秀彦・柿村峻(共訳)『怠惰への讃歌』(角川書店,1958年10月刊。210pp. 角川文庫 n.1720)* 原著:In Praise of Idleness, 1935, by Bertrand Russell.
「怠惰への讃歌」第12章 教育と訓練 |
Chap.12: Education and Discipline | |||
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The submissive lose initiative, both in thought and action; moreover, the anger generated by the feeling of being thwarted tends to find an outlet in bullying those who are weaker. That is why tyrannical institutions are self-perpetuating: what a man has suffered from his father he inflicts upon his son, and the humiliations which he remembers having endured at his public school he passes on to 'natives' when he becomes an empire-builder. Thus an unduly authoritative education turns the pupils into timid tyrants, incapable of either claiming or tolerating originality in word or deed. The effect upon the educators is even worse: they tend to become sadistic disciplinarians, glad to inspire terror, and content to inspire nothing else. As these men represent knowledge, the pupils acquire a horror of knowledge, which, among the English upper-class, is supposed to be part of human nature, but is really part of the well-grounded hatred of the authoritarian pedagogue. |